• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    1485218 Measuring hardness PROCEQ SA 31 Oct 1975 [7 Nov 1974.] 45554/75 Headings G1N and G1S The hardness characteristic of a material is determined by causing a test tip to be impacted with the surface of the test material and calculating the ration of the test tip velocities immediately before and after impact. As shown, Fig. 1, a test tip 1 consisting of a hard steel ball embedded in an impact mass 2 is initially drawn back from the test material 15 by virtue of the mechanical coupling between the resilient bottom portion 8 of a rod 7 and an upper bore 2a of the mass 2. The portion 8 has four longitudinal slots 8b, so that by pressing down the upper ports 10, 11 of the assembly shown the rod 7 enters and is retained in the bore 2a. The upper parts 10, 11 are then withdrawn by a spring 12 until the coneshaped upper part 9a of the portion 8 abuts against an end-face 6a of a bushing 6. This squeezes the end of portion 8 and the impact mass 2 is released to be forced by spring 5 on to the surface 15 of the test material. The mass 2 carries a permanent magnet 3 which co-operates with a coil 14 externally located at the bottom of the housing 4 to produce an output voltage which has a positive maximum just before impact and a negative maximum just after impact, these voltages being proportional to the corresponding velocities of the impact mass 2. In another embodiment the test tip is separated from the impact mass, and the maximum velocities of either are measured.
    公开号:SU971119A3
    申请号:SU752188493
    申请日:1975-11-05
    公开日:1982-10-30
    发明作者:Лееб Дитмар；Брандестини Марко
    申请人:Процеку С.А.(Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to methods and means of indestructible control of materials, and in particular to methods for determining the hardness of materials by the method of elastic recoil and devices for implementing 5 of these methods.
    Closest to the proposed method for determining the hardness of materials by the method of elastic recoil, which consists in the fact that the indenter is brought into collision with the surface of the test material, the indenter speeds are measured before and after the collision, and the hardness C1 is judged by the speed ratio]. fifteen
    The disadvantage of this method is that since the indenter speeds are measured at a fixed point spaced apart from the surface of the test material at a certain distance, 20 the obtained hardness values are inaccurate due to an error arising ... (due to a change in the speed of movement ' indenter caused by various interferences, in particular by friction. 25
    Closest to the proposed is a device for determining the hardness of materials by the method of elastic recoil, comprising a housing, an indenter installed therein and an indenter speed meter. In this device, the moment of flight of the indenter is recorded using a photocell mounted opposite the illuminator [2).
    The disadvantage of this device is that when the indenter hits the surface of the material, vibrations of the meter occur, which significantly impair the accuracy of the results.
    The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of measurement.
    This goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of determining the hardness of materials by the elastic recoil method, namely, that the indenter is brought into collision with the surface of the test material, the Indenter speeds are measured before and after the collision, and the hardness, speed of the indenter, consisting of the striker, 4 'and the probe, made in one piece ILI separately, are measured at the moment of its contact with the surface of the test material and at the moment of its rebound from the surface of the material. 5
    In the device for implementing the method, comprising a housing, an indenter and an indenter speed meter installed therein, the indenter consists of a striker and a probe made in one piece or. 10 separately, the indenter speed meter is made in the form of an electromagnetic sensor, the core of which is rigidly connected to the indenter, and the coil is mounted on the housing. t5
    In addition, the core of the electromagnetic sensor is rigidly connected to the striker and (or) probe.
    The device is provided connected to the electromagnetic coil wait sen- 20 snip electric circuit comprising an amplifier, peak two drive, svya associated with the output of the amplifier, two-line converter, connected to the outputs of the peak storage, and a control unit with a counter and an indicator.
    In FIG. 1 shows a device for implementing the proposed method, a longitudinal section; in FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit.
    The device comprises a housing 1, in which an indenter is located, made in the form of a striker 2 and a probe 3, mounted under the striker 2, a holder 4. an indenter speed meter, which contains an electromagnetic sensor, the core 5 of which is rigidly connected to the indenter 2 and covers the coil 6 mounted on the holder 4 with the possibility of movement along the housing 1, the guide sleeve 7 located in the housing 1, mounted in the sleeve 7 with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the collet 8 with the tip 9, a compression screw spring 10, the sleeve 11, is placed th on the housing 1 to be longitudinally pereme- scheniya 45 mounted in the sleeve 11 a helical spring 12 and a cover 13 through which the end of the collet '8' is fixedly connected to the sleeve 11. The upper end of anvil 2 has a cylindrical recess 14 for receiving the collet tip 50 9. The collet tip 9 is made of four conical shoulders 15 connected to each other, which, after the collet tip 9 enters the cylindrical 55 recess, 14 serve as a grip. The trip mechanism, the task of which is to reverse the collet 8 to remove the sleeves of its tip 9 so that the firing pin 2 is released, contains an oncoming cone 16 and an end stop 17. The electrical circuit 18 of the device connected to the output of the coil 6 contains serially connected amplifier 19, two peak drives 20 and 21, two-lane pre- ·, educator 22, control unit 23 with counter 24 and indicator 25.
    The indenter design is possible when the hammer 2 and probe 3 are made in a single unit.
    The method of determining the hardness of the material is as follows.
    The device is mounted vertically on the surface 26 of the test material so that the end face of the probe 3, made, for example, in the form of a sphere, touches the surface of the material. Then the sleeve 11 together with the collet 8 is moved down until the collet tip 9 penetrates the recess 14 of the hammer 2. Then the sleeve 11 together with the collet 8 and the gripped hammer 2 under the influence of the spring 12 starts to move upward, while stretching the spring 10. When the sleeve 11 moves up when the running cone 16 of the release mechanism penetrates into the hole of the guide sleeve 7, the conical shoulders 15 of the collet tip 9 are compressed, as a result of which the hammer 2 is released and is hit by the tensioned spring 10 on the probe 3. The speeds obtained at the same time, cat rye arise in the striker 2 immediately before the impact on shupu, early penetration of the probe into the test material, and rebound from the striker probe are converted with an electromagnetic sensor in the electrical signals into an electrical circuit. These signals after peak drives 20 and 21 are fed to the input of a two-channel converter 22 and counter 24, where the quotient of the rebound rate and the speed of direct movement of the striker 2 is digitally generated. The established material hardness is then indicated by a digital indicator 25. For optimal signal formation by means of electromagnetic the sensor upon impact of the striker against the probe, the holder 4 together with the coil 6 has the ability to move along the body with a thread on the outer surface of the housing 1.
    Thus, due to the fact that in the invention the speed of the moving part is measured immediately before the collision with the surface of the test material and immediately after it, as a result of which the distances traveled by the moving part are very small, the influence of interference becomes negligible. The results obtained during measurements by this method and using a device that implements it are characterized by rather high accuracy and reliability.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    39 and the probe, which are integrally molded separately, are measured at the moment of contact 5ga of it with the surface of the test material and B; the moment of its rebound from the surface of the material. In an apparatus for carrying out the method, comprising a housing, an indenter installed therein, and an indenter velocity meter, the indenter consists of a striker and a probe made in one piece or. separately, the indenter velocity meter is made in the form of an electromagnetic sensor, the core of which is rigidly connected to the indenter, and the coil is mounted on the housing. In addition, the core of the electromagnetic sensor is rigidly connected to the striker and / or probe. The device is equipped with an electrical circuit connected to you eductor of the electromacter sensor, containing an amplifier, two peak accumulators, aainibie connected to the output amplifier, a dual line generator connected to the outputs of peak accumulators, and a control unit with a counter and an indicator. Fig, 1 shows a device for carrying out the proposed method, a longitudinal section; in fig. 2 is a block diagram of an electrical circuit. The device includes a housing 1, in which the indenter is located, made in the form of a striker 2 and a probe 3 installed under the striker 2, a holder 4 .. a speed monitor, which contains an electromagnetic sensor, the core 5 of which is rigidly connected to the striker 2 of the indenter and covers the coil b, mounted on the holder 4 with the ability to move along the housing 1, the guide sleeve 7 mounted in the housing 1 installed in the sleeve 7 with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the collet 8 with the tip 9, the compression spring 10, tightly 11, placed on the housing 1 with the possibility of longitudinal movement, installed in the sleeve 11, the coil spring 12 and the lid 13, through which the end of the collet 8 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 11. On the top body 2 has a cylindrical recess 14 for receiving the collet tip 9. Collet tip 9 It is made of interconnected four conical races 15, which, after the collet tip 9 enters the cylindrical recess. A4 as a grip. The release mechanism, the task of which is to TOW so that during the reverse course of 9.4 collet 8, to remove the sleeves of its tip 9 so that the firing pin 2 is released, contains an incident cone 16 and an end stop 17. The electric circuit 18 of the device connected to the output of the coil 6 It contains a series-connected amplifier 19, two peak drives 20 and 21, a two-liter shielded pre-. . The former 22, the control unit 23 with the counter 24 and the clock 25. The indenter can be constructed when the head 2 and the probe 3 are made as one unit. The method for determining the hardness of a material is carried out as follows. Install the device vertically on the surface 26 of the test material so that the end of the probe 3, made for example in the form of a sphere, touches the surface of the material. Then the sleeve 11 together with the collet 8 is moved down until the collet tip 9 penetrates into the recess 14 of the hammer 2. Then the sleeve 11 together with the collet 8 and the gripped striker 2 under the influence of the spring 12 starts to move upwards, stretching the spring 1O. When the sleeve 11 moves upwards, when the incident cone 16 of the release mechanism penetrates into the opening of the guide sleeve 7, the conical shoulders 15 of the collet tip 9 are squeezed, resulting in the striker 2 being released and striking tensioned Prugkinoy 1O along the probe 3. appear in the striker 2 immediately before striking the probe, at the beginning of the probe penetration into the test material, and after rebounding the striker from the probe, are converted by an electromagnetic sensor into electrical signals fed in contour circuit. These signals after peak accumulators 20 and 21 are fed to the input of a two-channel converter 22 and counter 24, where a quotient of the rebound speed and the forward movement speed of the striker 2 is formed in digital form. The set material hardness is then indicated by a digital indicator 25. For optimal signal generation by The electromagnetic sensor, when the striker strikes the probe, the holder 4 together with the coil 6 has the ability to move along the case with the help of a thread on the outer surface of the housing 1. Thus, due to the fact that, in the invention, the speed of the moving part is measured immediately before the collision with the surface of the test material and immediately after it, in which the distances traversed by the moving part are very small, the interference effect becomes negligible. The results obtained by measurements according to this method and with a device that implements it are characterized by sufficiently high accuracy and reliability. Invention 1. Method for determining the hardness of materials by the elastic recoil method, which means that the indenter is impacted with the surface of the material being tested, the rates of the indenter are measured before and after the impact and the speeds are judged on the hardness, characterized in that, with a chain of increasing the accuracy of the measurement, the speed of the indenter consisting of and, to the fulfillment integrally or separately measured when contacting it with the test material surface ive moment it bounces from the surface of the material. 2. A device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, comprising a body, a tsdentor and an indenter speed meter installed therein, characterized in that, in order to achieve measurement accuracy, the shodentor consists of a striker and i probe, built into one or separately, the indenter velocity meter is made in the form of an electromagnetic sensor, the core of which is rigidly connected to the indenter, and the coil is mounted on the housing. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the core of the electromagnetic sensor is rigidly connected to the striker and (or) probe. 4. Device on PP. 2 and 3, characterized in that it is provided with an electrical circuit connected to the coil output of the electromagnetic sensor, containing an amplifier, two peak accumulators connected to the amplifier output, a two-line converter connected to the outputs of peak accumulators, and a control unit with a counter and an indicator. Sources of information technology, taken into account during the examination 1. Author's certificate of the USSR No. 228686, cl. Q 01 N 3/52, 1968 (prototype).
    [2]
    2. USSR author's certificate number 223423, cl. GO1 N 3/54, 1968 (prototype).
    phases. 2
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    GB1485218A|1977-09-08|
    DK152311B|1988-02-15|
    BR7507334A|1976-08-03|
    NL188961B|1992-06-16|
    DK499475A|1976-05-08|
    FR2290660A1|1976-06-04|
    AU504400B2|1979-10-11|
    AT371254B|1983-06-10|
    IN145128B|1978-09-02|
    IT1053136B|1981-08-31|
    AU8642775A|1977-05-12|
    DK152311C|1988-07-25|
    DE2452880C2|1986-01-02|
    CS222221B2|1983-05-27|
    JPS5192673A|1976-08-13|
    JPH0120370B2|1989-04-17|
    CH596550A5|1978-03-15|
    BE835263A|1976-03-01|
    CA1050784A|1979-03-20|
    SE7512411L|1976-05-08|
    ES457368A1|1978-02-16|
    NL7512714A|1976-05-11|
    ATA839975A|1982-10-15|
    FR2290660B1|1981-08-28|
    SE418421B|1981-05-25|
    DE2452880A1|1976-05-20|
    DD121184A5|1976-07-12|
    ZA756981B|1976-11-24|
    引用文献:
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    CN113533105A|2021-09-16|2021-10-22|顺庭模具科技南通有限公司|Mould intensity check out test set|DE750779C|1943-02-02|1945-01-26|Hardness tester working according to the penetration method with a device for displaying the penetration depth of the penetrator|
    US2654244A|1949-12-06|1953-10-06|Thompson Prod Inc|Rebound hardness measuring device|
    US2677961A|1950-08-24|1954-05-11|Paul Zaro|Portable hardness tester|
    US2764702A|1953-03-19|1956-09-25|Bendix Aviat Corp|Velocity transducer|
    DE1187394B|1962-03-03|1965-02-18|Drello Ing Paul Drewell|Retractable hardness tester|
    BE789742A|1971-10-15|1973-02-01|Schmidt Ernst|HARDNESS TEST METHOD AND DEVICE|JPH0731106B2|1985-11-26|1995-04-10|雅勇 中村|Impact hardness test method and impact hardness tester used therefor|
    US5591902A|1990-12-12|1997-01-07|Castagner; Bernard|Dynamic pyrotechnical penetrometer|
    FR2670582B1|1990-12-12|1994-08-26|Castagner Bernard|PYROTECHNIC DYNAMIC PENETROMETER.|
    DE19514848A1|1995-04-26|1996-10-31|Krautkraemer Gmbh|Hardness test method and device therefor|
    DE19514857A1|1995-04-27|1996-10-31|Krautkraemer Gmbh|Method for testing the hardness of workpieces and device for carrying out this method|
    DE19904448A1|1999-02-04|2000-08-24|Murat Bajozitovic Bakirov|Non-destructive determination of local mechanical properties employs inductive determination of indenter velocity before and after impact, determining e.g. stiffness and damping characteristics.|
    IT201800002034U1|2018-03-07|2019-09-07|Device for the non-destructive viscoelastic characterization of materials equipped with a snap button|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2452880A|DE2452880C2|1974-11-07|1974-11-07|Method and device for hardness testing of workpieces|
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